Parasite worms its way into Alberta, infecting humans through dogs, coyotes

University of Alberta scientists are alerting the public to apotentially lethal tapeworm, which infects humans through the fecesofcoyotes and dogs.

The rare but "formidable" parasite, Echinococcusmultilocularis,has infected four people in Albertain as many years, researchers said Wednesday.

Researchers have been following the parasiteafter findinghigh infection rates in coyotes a few years ago.

"This is significant enough to warrant a watchful eye on the problem," said Stan Houston, a University of Alberta infectious diseases expert.

Houston saidthe parasite, widely recognized in Europe, is rare in North America, but the potential consequences are life threatening.

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If left untreated, the parasitecan kill itshuman host in 10 to 15 years, researchers said.

In most cases, the early presence ofEchinococcusmultilocularishas no symptoms.

"If the tapeworm goes unnoticed, it can spread to other parts of the body, much like how cancer invades and destroys organs," he added.

The infestationgrows slowly, on average 14 cubic centimetres a year. By the time it's found, it may be inoperable.

How parasite is transmitted

People can get the tapeworm from eating foods exposed to traces of canine feces and should be especially vigilant in washing vegetables grown close to the ground.

Houston saidwe should also be aware of microscopic traces of pet feces in our pets' hair.

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"When we pet them and then touch our food or our mouths, we ingest the parasite's eggs," he said.

The parasite is largely harmless todogs and coyotes only on rare occasions leading to illness or death.

Researchers recommend pet owners get their petsdewormedon a regular basis if they eatrodents or thefecesof other dogs.

Standard dogdewormingdoes not cover thetapeworm, but veterinarians can suggest the proper medication.

Houston said the parasite is anexample of theecological interaction between human andanimal health.

"Most emerging infectious diseases come from animals and now here is another one right on our doorstep."