Obama warns of illiberal threats to postwar global order in Montreal speech

It is decision time for a world order based on liberal values, former U.S. president Barack Obamasaid Tuesday in Montreal, where he issued a rousing callfor citizens everywhere to defend its gains.

Obama painted a stark picture of the global upheaval wrought by globalization, technologicaladvancesand climate change.

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He suggested that the progress made since the end of the Second World War is threatened by an unwillingness to adapt to social change.

"It's been clear for some time that the world is at an inflection point,"he told a crowd of some 6,000 who packed thePalais des Congrs, adowntown convention centre.

At such critical moments in history, he said, there is a temptation "go backwards instead of forwards." The appeal of isolationism and populism, he said, is understandableas people look for certainty in uncertain times.

"But in this time we cannot stand still,"Obamasaid."We have to act with greater urgency and greater conviction."

'Democracy is hard'

The speech carried forward a theme that recurred often in the final months of his presidency, the importance of civic engagement at both the local and international level.

That message has taken on a different, more explicitly politicaltone, since Donald Trump entered the White House.

Obama did not mention his successor by name, but the context was evident in his references to "fake news," welcoming refugees and championingmultilateral organizations such as NATO and the UN.

At one point he even decried the"temporary absence of American leadership" when it comes to climate change.

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"The bottom line is: democracy is hardand progress does not always move in a straight line," Obama said. "Its gains are often fragile if we as citizens are not tilling the soil and maintaining that democracy."

In a question-and-answer session following his speech, Obama elaboratedon his disappointmentwith the current U.S. administration's decision to withdraw from the Paris climate accords.

But he also stressed that the commitment to fight climate change has reached a critical mass in many sectors of the economy.

Large multinationals such as Walmart, he said, understand its dangers and the savings to be had from adopting more environmentally friendly approaches.

Dinner meeting with Trudeau

It was Obama's first visit to Canada since leaving office in January. Several leading politicians and business leaders were in the audience on Tuesday, including Quebec Premier Philippe Couillard, Mayor Denis Coderre and several cabinet ministers, both provincial and federal.

Obamalaboured through the pronunciation of the francophonenames and few pleasantries before acknowledging, "My French is terrible, but it's heartfelt."

The former president has been on a global speaking tour in recent weeks, with stops in Italy, Germany and the U.K.

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The eventorganizer, the Montreal Chamber of Commerce, declined to say how much Obamawas paid for his speech.Tickets ranged in price from $57 to $373 and sold out in less than a half hour.

Shortly after the event, Obama met withPrime Minister JustinTrudeau atLiverpool House,a trendy restaurant inMontreal's Southwestborough.

Earlier on Tuesday, Canadian Foreign Affairs Minister Chrystia Freelandunveiled the Liberal government's new foreign policy orientation.

Her speech outlined positions that largely aligned with the values invoked by Obama, advocating for a strident multilateralismthat clashes with the America First doctrine preferred by Trump.