Why Xi Jinping publicly rebuked Justin Trudeau, and what it means for Canada's relations with China

Xi Jinping'sthreatening rebuke of Justin Trudeau was arare andsurprising move by the Chinese president, and highlightedthe disregard he has for the Canadian prime minister, according to some experts andformer diplomats.

"Hecertainly wouldn't speak like that to the U.S.president. So it does suggest that Mr. Xi has a degree of disdain for the prime minister anddoes not see Canada as an important partner," said Charles Burton,senior fellow with the Macdonald-Laurier Institute and a former diplomat to China.

Burton said he found thelanguage used by Xi during hisinteraction with Trudeau at the G20 summit in Bali, Indonesia, to be "quitedismissive and threatening," indicatingthat any illusions the government hasthat Chinarespects Canada as an influential nation in the world havelong sincedisappeared.

Xi's remarks 'highly offensive'

"I just think in general, it was very unpleasant. I found it highly offensive on the part of his intent," Burton said.

"We have not seen the president of Chinaengaging in this really quite undiplomatic, rough languagewith a counterpart leader of anothercountry"

Trudeau and Xispoke face to face briefly on the sidelines of the G20 summit in Bali on Tuesday. After the unofficial meeting, the Prime Minister's Office issued a readout of the conversation noting the topics that were discussed and who raised them.

WATCH | Xi Jinping accuses Trudeau of leaking discussion tomedia:

Xi Jinping accuses Trudeau of leaking discussion to the media

2 years ago

Duration 0:54

Chinese President Xi Jinping reprimanded Prime Minister Justin Trudeau for leaking the details of a discussion between the leaders to the press.

According to the readout,during the brief discussion between the two leaders who have beenat odds over trade, China's arrest and detention of two Canadians and Canada's arrest and detention of a Chinese Huawei executive Trudeau raised concerns aboutmedia reportsthat China covertly funded 11 candidates in the 2019 federal election.

But the twolater crossed paths againin a public space in Bali, in full view of the media, whichcaptured their exchange.

Through an interpreter, Xi accused Trudeau of inappropriately leaking the content of their discussion, and also claimed that what was reported in the mediawas not an accurate reflection of their conversation.

Trudeau interrupted the Chinese leader, saying Canadabelieves in "free and open and frank dialogue,"andthat while they have disagreements, they should work together.

Xi wanted exchange to be seen,expert says

However, Xi's translator didn't translate everything the president said.

According to a translation by The Canadian Press, Xialso told Trudeau that"we should have conversations in a respectful way, otherwise, the result can't be predicted."

After the exchange, the pair shook hands and parted ways.

During his closing mediaconference, Trudeau responded to the incident, saying that his government trusts its citizens want to be apprised of the work that he is doing on their behalf.

"I won't shy away from being open with Canadians, even as we discuss important and sometimes delicate subjects," the prime minister said.

Lynette Ong,aprofessor of political science at the University of Toronto's Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy, said that Xi issomeone who usually minces his words and is very careful about what he saysin public.

She said Xi knewhis rebuke would be captured by the media, whichmeanshe wanted this "dressing down" to be seen bydomestic and international audiences.

WATCH |Xi confronting Trudeau 'very rare,' former ambassador says:

Xi confronting Trudeau was 'preordained', says former ambassador

2 years ago

Duration 6:00

"It's very rare that Xi Jinping would engage in this type of behaviour," said former Canadian ambassador to China Guy Saint-Jacques of Xi confronting Trudeau. "He is very agitated, his face is red, his arms are moving...and he knows that cameras are rolling."

Threat may haveeconomic, diplomatic implications

Guy Saint-Jacques, who was Canada's ambassador to China from 2012 to 2016, said that this was all "preordained," andthat Xi wanted to pass along a clear message to Trudeauas the cameras wererolling.

"I would agree that this was a veiled threat, and I find this whole episode very surprising because it's very rare that Xi Jinping would engage in this type of behaviour," Saint-Jacques toldCBC's Power & Politics host David Cochrane.

Xi'spurpose was to make Trudeau lose face publicly at home and around the world, Saint-Jacques said, notingthe confrontation shows the disregard the Chinese president has for the prime minister.

"Wehave to pay attention to this veiled threat, because what does he have in mind?"

Eurasia Group President Ian Bremmertold Power& Politics thathe believesXi'sthreatto Trudeau wasn't veiled, but "fairly direct" and that there could be economic or diplomatic implications.

WATCH |Xi made a 'fairly direct threat' to Trudeau,analyst says:

Xi made a 'fairly direct threat' to Trudeau: Ian Bremmer

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Duration 3:17

"It wasn't a veiled threat. I think it was a fairly direct threat," said Eurasia Group President Ian Bremmer of comments Chinese President Xi Jinping made to Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. "It was as if he was delivering a message and dispensing with Trudeau."

"We've seen before that the Chinese are willing to make an example ofindividual leaders and countries when they feel disrespected."

Bremmer said itwas as if Xi was delivering a message and dispensing with Trudeau.

"He showed utter indifference to that sentence that Trudeau gave to try to justify his perspective in the relationship. That is not the way you want a relationship between the Canadians and the Chinese to go," Bremmer said.

"So obviously, there's going to be some serious thinking about how to handle this going forward by the Canadians and frankly, with the Americans, too."

Canada'sIndo-Pacific strategy likely to anger Beijing

Canada is expected to soon release its Indo-Pacific strategy that willcontain measures certain to anger Beijing.

Saint-Jacquessaid his advice to Foreign Affairs Minister Mlanie Jolyis that she shouldspeak to her Chinese counterpart at the next Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit and attempt some damage control.

WATCH | The At Issue panel discusses Canada'sIndo-Pacific strategy:

Canada's strategy for Indo-Pacific relations | At Issue

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Duration 17:57

Foreign Affairs Minister Mlanie Joly hints at Canada's new strategy for Indo-Pacific relations, including addressing the tensions between China, Canada and the rest of the world. Plus, what to make of Ontario Premier Doug Ford's reversal on using the notwithstanding clause to prevent education workers from striking.

"To say, 'Look, we have to lower the temperature. I know you don't like our Indo-Pacific strategy, but we have subjects to discuss with you. We can help you in some areas that will benefit both sides. And let's try to move this ahead,' " hesaid.

"But I think that in the case of the prime minister and President Xi, it will be difficult to make progress."

'Condescending manner'

Meanwhileon Thursday, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning accused Canada of acting in a "condescending manner," denied China had interfered in the internal affairs of other nations and said that Canada was responsible for the downturn in relations between the two countries.

"Canada should take concrete actions to create conditions for the improvement of China-Canada relations," she said at a daily briefing. The conversation was "quite normal and should not be interpreted as President Xi criticizing or blaming anyone."

Maosaidthat there had been a clear lack of respect from the Canadian side.

"China has no problem at all with having a candid dialogue with other countries," she said. "But we hope such a candid dialogue will be based on equal treatment and mutual respect, rather than criticizing the other in a condescending manner."