Refusing Facebook has social cost

People who choose not to use Facebook, cellphones or other technological tools may pay a hefty social price, says a researcher who studies social software.

"In many communities, particularly with people under 25, Facebook is a crucial part of social life," said Alice Marwick, a postdoctoral fellow at Microsoft Research.

"It is where the gossip goes on; it's where the flirting goes on; it's where event planning goes on; it's where knowledge sharing goes on. If you're not participating in the social network, you're really not participating in the collective life of the group that you're associated with."

That can result in social isolation.

Marwick added that logistical problems may also arise when people choose not to use technology such as a cellphone that is normal and usual to have in our society, especially when individuals are looking for a job or trying to get an apartment.

"It requires everyone around you to accommodate something that's slightly socially unusual."

Marwick wasspeaking to CBC's Spark about "technology refusal" the choice made by some individuals to avoid certain technologies such as social media or cellphones over concerns about issues such as privacy not because they can't afford it or don't have access to the technology.

Earlier in the month, she blogged about her concerns about the way people tend to respond to people who criticize social mediathey point out thatservices such as Facebook are provided by a business for free and suggest, "Just don't use it."

Marwick wrote that the statement encapsulates "the idea that refusal is the only legitimate way to protest something that one thinks is problematic, unconscionable, unethical or immoral."

'While I have zero love for Facebook, I stay on it because otherwise I'd miss out on 75% of the invitations in my friends group.' Alice Marwick, Microsoft

"I generally do not buy this idea," she wrote.

She said that the social costs of not owning a cellphone are so high nowadays that non-profit groups providemobile devices to low income people and the homeless.

And when it comes to Facebook, she is aware of its importance within her own social circles.

"While I have zero love for Facebook, I stay on it because otherwise I'd miss out on 75 per centof the invitations in my friends group," she wrote.

"And I don't think it's for anyone else to say that I should expect my friends to cater to my socially abnormal preference, or that I should prioritize my own personal irritation at Facebook over the very human impulses to connect and socialize."

Facebooknot really 'free'

She also noted that social networks such as Facebook don't, in fact, provide their services "for free."

"They're doing it because they're selling the users to advertisers," she said. That is, Facebook users offer something valuable to the company.

She noted that tools like Facebook are largely created by people in northern California and reflect their values, which emphasize transparency, visibility, certain attention-getting techniques and measurements of popularity that may not serve the best interests of users around the world.

For example, the inability to anonymize Facebook user data resulted in arrests of Egyptian activists using social networks to organize the Arab Spring protests earlier this year, she said.

"Maybe these aren't the values that work for everybody," she added.

Marwick acknowledged that corporations are free to set the terms of wireless and social networking services that they offer.

But she added, "that doesn't mean that we shouldn't try to change the tide of public opinion or even just try to have social discussion a civic discussion as individuals about what we like and don't like about these tools."

On the other hand, there areindications thatchoosing to useFacebook may result in health costs. A study releasedby the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuseat Columbia University this weekfound thatcompared to adolescents aged 12 to 17 who spend no time on social networking sites, those who do were:

• Five times more likely to use tobacco;
• Three times more likely to use alcohol;
• Twice as likely to use marijuana.